Contributors Preface SECTION I THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 1. Approach to the Patient with an Infectious Disease 2. Molecular Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenesis 3. The Human Microbiome 4. Genomics and Infectious Disease 5. Immunization Principles and Vaccine Use 6. Health Recommendations for International Travel 7. Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases 8. Climate Change and Infectious Disease 9. Infections in Veterans Returning from Foreign Wars 10. Microbial Bioterrorism SECTION II FEVER AND APPROACH TO THE FEBRILE PATIENT 11. Fever 12. Fever and Rash 13. Fever of Unknown Origin 14. Atlas of Rashes Associated with Fever 15. Infections in Patients with Cancer 16. Infections in Transplant Recipients 17. Infections Acquired in Health Care Facilities 18. Approach to the Acutely Ill Infected Febrile Patient 19. Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock SECTION III INFECTIONS IN ORGAN SYSTE MS 20. Sore Throat, Earache, and Upper Respiratory Symptoms 21. Pneumonia 22. Lung Abscess 23. Bronchiectasis 24. Infective Endocarditis 25. Pericardial Disease 26. Infections of the Skin,Muscles, and Soft Tissues 27. Infectious Arthritis 28. Osteomyelitis 29. Intraabdominal Infections and Abscesses 30. Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases and Bacterial Food Poisoning 31. Clostridium difficile Infection,Including Pseudomembranous Colitis 32. Acute Appendicitis and Peritonitis 33. Urinary Tract Infections,Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis 34. Dysuria, Bladder Pain, and the Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome 35. Sexually Transmitted Infections:Overview and Clinical Approach 36. Meningitis, Encephalitis, Brain Abscess, and Empyema 37. Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis 38. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 39. Infectious Complications of Burns 40. Infectious Complications of Bites SECTION IV BACTERIAL INFECTIONS 41. Treatment and Prophylaxis of Bacterial Infections 42. Pneumococcal Infections 43. Staphylococcal Infections 44. Streptococcal Infections 45. Enterococcal Infections 46. Acute Rheumatic Fever 47. Diphtheria and Other Corynebacterial Infections 48. Listeria monocytogenes Infections 49. Tetanus 50. Botulism 51. Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections 52. Meningococcal Infections 53. Gonococcal Infections 54. Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections 55. Infections Due to the HACEK Group and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacteria 56. Legionella Infections 57. Pertussis and Other Bordetella Infections 58. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli 59. Acinetobacter Infections 60. Helicobacter pylori Infections 61. Infections Due to Pseudomonas Species and Related Organisms 62. Salmonellosis 63. Shigellosis 64. Infections Due to Campylobacter and Related Organisms 65. Cholera and Other Vibrioses 66. Brucellosis 67. Tularemia 68. Plague and Other Yersinia Infections 69. Bartonella Infections, Including Cat-Scratch Disease 70. Donovanosis 71. Nocardiosis 72. Actinomycosis and Whipple’s Disease 73. Infections Due to Mixed Anaerobic Organisms 74. Tuberculosis 75. Leprosy 76. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections 77. Antimycobacterial Agents 78. Syphilis 79. Endemic Treponematoses 80. Leptospirosis 81. Relapsing Fever 82. Lyme Borreliosis 83. Rickettsial Diseases 84. Infections Due to Mycoplasmas 85. Chlamydial Infections SECTION V VIRAL INFECTIONS 86. Medical Virology 87. Antiviral Chemotherapy, Excluding Antiretroviral Drugs 88. Herpes Simplex Virus Infections 89. Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections 90. Epstein-Barr Virus Infections,Including Infectious Mononucleosis 91. Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus Types 6, 7, and 8 92. Molluscum Contagiosum, Monkeypox, and Other Poxvirus Infections 93. Parvovirus Infections 94. Human Papillomavirus Infections 95. Common Viral Respiratory Infections 96. Influenza 97. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and Related Disorders 98. Viral Gastroenteritis 99. Acute Viral Hepatitis 100. Chronic Hepatitis 101. Enterovirus, Parechovirus, and Reovirus Infections 102. Measles (Rubeola) 103. Rubella (German Measles) 104. Mumps 105. Rabies and Other Rhabdovirus Infections 106. Arthropod-Borne and Rodent-Borne Virus Infections 107. Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus Infections 108. Zika Virus Infection and Zika-Associated Congenital Abnormalities SECTION VI PRION DISEASES 109. Prion Diseases SECTION VII FUNGAL INFECTIONS 110. Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections 111. Histoplasmosis 112. Coccidioidomycosis 113. Blastomycosis 114. Cryptococcosis 115. Candidiasis 116. Aspergillosis 117. Mucormycosis 118. Superficial Mycoses and Less Common Systemic Mycoses 119. Pneumocystis Infections SECTION VIII PROTOZOAL AND HELMINTHIC INFECTIONS 120. Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections 121. Agents Used to Treat Parasitic Infections 122. Amebiasis and Infection with Free-Living Amebas 123. Malaria 124. Babesiosis 125. Atlas of Blood Smears of Malaria and Babesiosis 126. Leishmaniasis 127. Chagas Disease and African Trypanosomiasis 128. Toxoplasma Infections 129. Protozoal Intestinal Infections and Trichomoniasis 130. Introduction to Helminthic Infections 131. Trichinellosis and Other Tissue Nematode Infections 132. Intestinal Nematode Infections 133. Filarial and Related Infections 134. Schistosomiasis and Other Trematode Infections 135. Cestode Infections SECTION IX ENVENOMATIONS, INFESTATIONS, BITES,AND STINGS 136. Disorders Caused by Venomous Snakebites and Marine Animal Exposures 137. Ectoparasite Infestations and Arthropod Injuries Appendix Laboratory Values of Clinical Importance Review and Self-Assessment Index