List of Contributors Foreword Preface 1 Translational medicine and biomaterials: Basics and relationship Amit K. Roy, Akhenaton-Andrew D. Jones, III and Thomas J.Webster 1.1 Overview of biomaterials in translational medicine 1.2 Fundamentals of translational medicine 1.2.1 Definitions 1.2.2 Challenges 1.2.3 Ethics 1.2.4 Education 1.3 Fundamentals of biomaterials science 1.3.1 Biomaterials and orthopedics 1.3.2 Hydrogels as biomaterials 1.3.3 Infectious disease control and biomaterials 1.3.4 Biomaterials for neurological disorders and neuroregeneration 1.3.5 Biomaterials for cancer 1.3.6 Biomaterials and teeth 1.3.7 Nanotechnology and picotechnology as biomaterials 1.3.8 Biomaterials as sensors 1.3.9 Biomaterials for drug delivery 1.3.10 Biomaterials and 3D printing 1.3.11 Biomaterials and stem cells 1.4 The role of biomaterials in translational medicine References 2 Regulatory aspects of medical devices and biomaterials Prabaha Sikder and Sarit B. Bhaduri 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Terminology 2.3 Basic pathways to medical device approval 2.3.1 Pre marketing notification: the 510(k) application 2.3.2 Premarket approval 2.3.3 The humanitarian device exemption 2.4 Comparison and contrasts between the various pathways 2.5 Postapproval follow-up for devices 2.6 Comparison with EU approval protocols of devices 2.7 Summary References 3 The translatory aspects of calcium phosphates for orthopedic applications Huan Zhou and Sarit B. Bhaduri 3.1 Brief introduction of calcium phosphates 3.2 Orthopedic implant coating 3.2.1 The translatory aspects of calcium phosphate orthopedic coatings 3.2.2 Porosity and roughness 3.2.3 Adhesion strength 3.2.4 Crystallinity 3.2.5 Surface chemistry 3.3 Synthetic bone grafts 3.3.1 The translatory aspects of calcium phosphate bone grafts 3.3.2 Porosity and interconnectivity 3.3.3 Phase composition 3.3.4 Mechanical strength 3.4 New trends